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What is Partitioning?

A technique of dividing large database tables into smaller, more manageable segments while maintaining a single logical table.

Table partitioning splits large tables into smaller physical pieces based on a partition key. Types include range partitioning (by date ranges), list partitioning (by category values), and hash partitioning (even distribution).

Benefits include faster queries on partitioned columns (partition pruning), easier data maintenance (drop old partitions), and parallel query execution. PostgreSQL supports declarative partitioning since version 10.

Related Terms

MVCC (Multi-Version Concurrency Control)
A technique where the database maintains multiple versions of data to allow concurrent reads and writes without locking.
Database Index Types
Different index structures (B-tree, Hash, GIN, GiST, BRIN) optimized for various query patterns and data types.
Write-Ahead Log (WAL)
A technique where changes are first written to a log before being applied to the database, ensuring crash recovery and data integrity.
B-Tree Index
The default index type in most databases that organizes data in a balanced tree structure for efficient searching, sorting, and range queries.
Replication
The process of copying and maintaining database data across multiple servers for redundancy, failover, and read scaling.
Row-Level Security (RLS)
A database feature that restricts which rows a user can access in a table based on security policies.
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