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What is Partitioning?

A technique of dividing large database tables into smaller, more manageable segments while maintaining a single logical table.

Table partitioning splits large tables into smaller physical pieces based on a partition key. Types include range partitioning (by date ranges), list partitioning (by category values), and hash partitioning (even distribution).

Benefits include faster queries on partitioned columns (partition pruning), easier data maintenance (drop old partitions), and parallel query execution. PostgreSQL supports declarative partitioning since version 10.

Related Terms

Database Sharding
A horizontal scaling strategy that distributes data across multiple database servers based on a partition key.
EXPLAIN ANALYZE
A PostgreSQL command that shows the execution plan of a query along with actual runtime statistics for performance tuning.
Data Warehouse
A centralized repository optimized for analytical queries that integrates data from multiple operational sources.
Database Constraint
Rules enforced by the database to maintain data integrity, including NOT NULL, UNIQUE, CHECK, PRIMARY KEY, and FOREIGN KEY.
Connection String
A formatted string containing all parameters needed to establish a connection to a database server.
Deadlock
A situation where two or more transactions permanently block each other by each holding locks that the other needs.
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