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Databases Intermediate

What is Migration?

A version-controlled change to a database schema that can be applied and reversed systematically.

Database migrations track schema changes over time, similar to version control for code. Each migration defines an "up" (apply) and "down" (revert) operation, such as creating tables, adding columns, or modifying constraints.

Migrations ensure all environments (development, staging, production) have identical database schemas. They are run in sequence and tracked to prevent re-application. Tools include Flyway, Liquibase, Alembic, and framework-specific migration systems.

Related Terms

Elastic Search
A distributed search and analytics engine built on Apache Lucene, optimized for full-text search and log analysis.
Time-Series Database
A database optimized for storing and querying timestamped data points like metrics, sensor readings, and event logs.
Foreign Key
A column that creates a link between two tables by referencing the primary key of another table.
Upsert
A database operation that inserts a new row if it does not exist, or updates the existing row if it does.
Replication
The process of copying and maintaining database data across multiple servers for redundancy, failover, and read scaling.
Database Connection Pooling
A technique that maintains a cache of database connections for reuse, reducing the overhead of creating new connections.
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