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Databases Advanced

What is Database Proxy?

A middleware server that sits between applications and databases, providing connection pooling, load balancing, and query routing.

Database proxies intercept database connections and provide transparent features. PgBouncer (PostgreSQL) pools connections, dramatically reducing server overhead. ProxySQL (MySQL) adds query routing, caching, and read/write splitting.

Benefits include connection multiplexing (many app connections → few DB connections), transparent failover, query caching, read/write splitting (route reads to replicas), and traffic shaping. Proxies are essential for scaling database connections in microservices architectures.

Related Terms

Row-Level Security (RLS)
A database feature that restricts which rows a user can access in a table based on security policies.
B-Tree Index
The default index type in most databases that organizes data in a balanced tree structure for efficient searching, sorting, and range queries.
Soft Delete
A pattern where records are marked as deleted with a flag or timestamp rather than being physically removed from the database.
SQL
Structured Query Language — the standard language for managing and querying data in relational databases.
Normalization
The process of organizing database tables to reduce data redundancy and improve data integrity.
PostgreSQL
An advanced open-source relational database known for its reliability, feature richness, and standards compliance.
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