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What is Database Proxy?

A middleware server that sits between applications and databases, providing connection pooling, load balancing, and query routing.

Database proxies intercept database connections and provide transparent features. PgBouncer (PostgreSQL) pools connections, dramatically reducing server overhead. ProxySQL (MySQL) adds query routing, caching, and read/write splitting.

Benefits include connection multiplexing (many app connections → few DB connections), transparent failover, query caching, read/write splitting (route reads to replicas), and traffic shaping. Proxies are essential for scaling database connections in microservices architectures.

Related Terms

JSONB
PostgreSQL's binary JSON data type that stores JSON documents with indexing, querying, and manipulation capabilities.
Index
A data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval operations on database tables at the cost of additional storage.
Materialized View
A database object that stores the precomputed result of a query, offering faster reads at the cost of periodic refresh.
NoSQL
A category of databases that store data in non-tabular formats, optimized for specific data models and access patterns.
Foreign Key
A column that creates a link between two tables by referencing the primary key of another table.
ORM (Object-Relational Mapping)
A technique that lets you interact with a database using object-oriented code instead of writing raw SQL queries.
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