Databases Advanced

What is Database Proxy?

A middleware server that sits between applications and databases, providing connection pooling, load balancing, and query routing.

Database proxies intercept database connections and provide transparent features. PgBouncer (PostgreSQL) pools connections, dramatically reducing server overhead. ProxySQL (MySQL) adds query routing, caching, and read/write splitting.

Benefits include connection multiplexing (many app connections → few DB connections), transparent failover, query caching, read/write splitting (route reads to replicas), and traffic shaping. Proxies are essential for scaling database connections in microservices architectures.

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