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Security Beginner

What is Security Audit?

A systematic examination of an information system to assess compliance with security policies, identify vulnerabilities, and verify controls.

Security audits evaluate whether systems meet defined security standards and best practices. Types include internal audits (by the organization), external audits (by third parties), compliance audits (SOC 2, ISO 27001, PCI DSS, GDPR), and technical audits (vulnerability assessments, penetration tests). Audit scope covers access controls, data protection, network security, change management, incident response procedures, and backup/recovery. Deliverables include findings classified by severity, risk assessments, and remediation recommendations. Audit logs — records of who did what and when — are essential evidence. Regular audits demonstrate security maturity and build customer trust.

Related Terms

Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)
A security method requiring two different forms of identification before granting access to an account.
SAST (Static Application Security Testing)
Automated analysis of source code to find security vulnerabilities without executing the application.
RBAC (Role-Based Access Control)
An access control model where permissions are assigned to roles, and users are assigned to roles rather than getting permissions directly.
Brute Force Attack
An attack method that systematically tries all possible combinations of passwords or keys until the correct one is found.
Cryptographic Key Management
The practices and procedures for generating, storing, distributing, rotating, and revoking encryption keys securely.
PKI (Public Key Infrastructure)
A framework of policies, hardware, and software for creating, managing, distributing, and revoking digital certificates.
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