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Security Beginner

What is Security Audit?

A systematic examination of an information system to assess compliance with security policies, identify vulnerabilities, and verify controls.

Security audits evaluate whether systems meet defined security standards and best practices. Types include internal audits (by the organization), external audits (by third parties), compliance audits (SOC 2, ISO 27001, PCI DSS, GDPR), and technical audits (vulnerability assessments, penetration tests). Audit scope covers access controls, data protection, network security, change management, incident response procedures, and backup/recovery. Deliverables include findings classified by severity, risk assessments, and remediation recommendations. Audit logs — records of who did what and when — are essential evidence. Regular audits demonstrate security maturity and build customer trust.

Related Terms

Brute Force Attack
An attack method that systematically tries all possible combinations of passwords or keys until the correct one is found.
SQL Injection
An attack where malicious SQL code is inserted into application queries through user input to access or manipulate the database.
Hashing
A one-way function that converts input data into a fixed-size string of characters, used for data integrity and password storage.
Zero Trust
A security model that requires strict identity verification for every user and device, regardless of their network location.
Supply Chain Attack
A cyberattack that targets less-secure elements in the software supply chain to compromise downstream users and organizations.
OAuth 2.0
An authorization framework that allows third-party applications to access user resources without sharing passwords.
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