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Databases Intermediate

What is ACID?

A set of four properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) that guarantee reliable database transactions.

ACID properties ensure database reliability. Atomicity means transactions are all-or-nothing. Consistency ensures data moves from one valid state to another. Isolation prevents concurrent transactions from interfering. Durability guarantees committed data survives system failures.

ACID compliance is a key feature of relational databases. NoSQL databases often relax these properties (BASE model: Basically Available, Soft-state, Eventually consistent) for better scalability.

Related Terms

Database Proxy
A middleware server that sits between applications and databases, providing connection pooling, load balancing, and query routing.
Index
A data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval operations on database tables at the cost of additional storage.
Soft Delete
A pattern where records are marked as deleted with a flag or timestamp rather than being physically removed from the database.
Database Connection Pooling
A technique that maintains a cache of database connections for reuse, reducing the overhead of creating new connections.
Transaction
A sequence of database operations that are treated as a single unit โ€” either all succeed or all are rolled back.
Database Index Types
Different index structures (B-tree, Hash, GIN, GiST, BRIN) optimized for various query patterns and data types.
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