What is ACID?
A set of four properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) that guarantee reliable database transactions.
ACID properties ensure database reliability. Atomicity means transactions are all-or-nothing. Consistency ensures data moves from one valid state to another. Isolation prevents concurrent transactions from interfering. Durability guarantees committed data survives system failures.
ACID compliance is a key feature of relational databases. NoSQL databases often relax these properties (BASE model: Basically Available, Soft-state, Eventually consistent) for better scalability.