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What is Row-Level Security (RLS)?

A database feature that restricts which rows a user can access in a table based on security policies.

Row-Level Security enables fine-grained access control at the database level. Instead of filtering data in application code, RLS policies automatically restrict which rows are visible or modifiable per user or role. PostgreSQL implements RLS through CREATE POLICY statements that define conditions using the current user context. This is especially useful in multi-tenant applications where different customers share tables but must only see their own data. RLS provides defense-in-depth security โ€” even if application-level authorization fails, the database enforces access rules.

Related Terms

Primary Key
A column or set of columns that uniquely identifies each row in a database table.
Index
A data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval operations on database tables at the cost of additional storage.
Soft Delete
A pattern where records are marked as deleted with a flag or timestamp rather than being physically removed from the database.
Prepared Statement
A pre-compiled SQL template that uses parameters instead of literal values, preventing SQL injection and improving performance.
View
A virtual table defined by a SQL query that provides a simplified or restricted view of data from one or more tables.
Write-Ahead Log (WAL)
A technique where changes are first written to a log before being applied to the database, ensuring crash recovery and data integrity.
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