Python Virtual Environments and Package Management: pip, venv, Poetry, and Conda

Python offers multiple package management tools, each solving different problems.

pip + venv

python3 -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate
pip install flask sqlalchemy
pip freeze > requirements.txt

Poetry

poetry new my-project
poetry add flask sqlalchemy
poetry add --group dev pytest black
poetry install
poetry run python app.py

Conda

conda create -n myproject python=3.12
conda activate myproject
conda install numpy pandas scikit-learn
conda env export > environment.yml

Comparison

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