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Networking Intermediate

What is NAT (Network Address Translation)?

A method of mapping private IP addresses to public IP addresses, allowing multiple devices to share a single public IP.

NAT allows devices on a private network to access the internet through a shared public IP address. Your home router performs NAT, translating private addresses (192.168.x.x) to your public IP for outgoing traffic.

Types include Static NAT (one-to-one), Dynamic NAT (pool of public IPs), and PAT/NAPT (port-based, most common). NAT also provides a basic security layer by hiding internal network structure.

Related Terms

Network Packet
A formatted unit of data carried over a network, containing headers with routing information and a payload with the actual data.
Network Topology
The physical or logical arrangement of nodes and connections in a computer network, such as star, mesh, ring, or bus configurations.
Network Segmentation
The practice of dividing a network into isolated segments to improve security, performance, and management.
Proxy Server
An intermediary server that forwards requests between clients and destination servers, providing caching, filtering, or anonymity.
Token Bucket Algorithm
A rate limiting algorithm that allows burst traffic by accumulating tokens at a fixed rate and consuming them per request.
DNS Record Types
Different types of DNS entries that map domain names to various information like IP addresses, mail servers, and verification strings.
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