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Networking Intermediate

What is NAT (Network Address Translation)?

A method of mapping private IP addresses to public IP addresses, allowing multiple devices to share a single public IP.

NAT allows devices on a private network to access the internet through a shared public IP address. Your home router performs NAT, translating private addresses (192.168.x.x) to your public IP for outgoing traffic.

Types include Static NAT (one-to-one), Dynamic NAT (pool of public IPs), and PAT/NAPT (port-based, most common). NAT also provides a basic security layer by hiding internal network structure.

Related Terms

Network Topology
The physical or logical arrangement of nodes and connections in a computer network, such as star, mesh, ring, or bus configurations.
Port
A numbered endpoint (0-65535) that identifies specific processes or services on a networked computer for communication.
HTTP Keep-Alive
An HTTP mechanism that reuses a single TCP connection for multiple requests, reducing the overhead of establishing new connections.
Token Bucket Algorithm
A rate limiting algorithm that allows burst traffic by accumulating tokens at a fixed rate and consuming them per request.
SDN (Software-Defined Networking)
An approach that separates the network control plane from the data plane, enabling centralized, programmable network management.
Load Balancer
A device or software that distributes network traffic across multiple servers to ensure reliability and performance.
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