Programming Concepts Beginner

What is Version Control?

A system that records changes to files over time, allowing you to recall specific versions, collaborate, and track history.

Version control tracks every modification to code in a special database. If a mistake is made, developers can revert to earlier versions. It enables collaboration by merging changes from multiple contributors.

Git is the most popular version control system. Key concepts include repositories, commits, branches, merges, and pull requests. Centralized systems (SVN) use a single server, while distributed systems (Git) give each developer a full copy.

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Related Terms

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

A programming paradigm that organizes software design around objects containing data and behavior.

Testing individual components or functions of a program in isolation to verify they work correctly.

Restructuring existing code without changing its external behavior to improve readability, maintainability, and performance.

A mathematical notation that describes the worst-case performance of an algorithm as input size grows.

Functional Programming

A programming paradigm that treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions, avoiding state changes and mutable data.

Code that is easy to read, understand, and maintain — following consistent conventions, meaningful naming, and single-responsibility functions.

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