What is TypeScript?
A typed superset of JavaScript that adds static type checking, interfaces, and advanced IDE support to JavaScript development.
TypeScript adds type annotations to JavaScript: function greet(name: string): string. The compiler catches type errors before runtime, preventing common bugs. TypeScript compiles to plain JavaScript, running everywhere JavaScript runs.
Features include interfaces, generics, enums, union types, type guards, and declaration files (.d.ts) for typing external libraries. TypeScript is used by Angular, many React projects, Deno, and most large-scale JavaScript codebases. It significantly improves developer productivity and code quality.