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What is Virtual Environment?

An isolated Python environment that maintains its own set of packages, independent of the system Python installation.

Virtual environments solve dependency conflicts between projects. Each environment has its own Python binary and package directory. Created with python -m venv or virtualenv, they ensure project A can use Django 3.2 while project B uses Django 4.1.

Activate with source venv/bin/activate (Linux/Mac) or venv\Scripts\activate (Windows). pip freeze > requirements.txt captures dependencies for reproducibility.

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A class mechanism that restricts attribute creation and reduces memory usage by using a fixed set of instance variables.
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A formatted string literal prefixed with f that allows embedding Python expressions directly inside curly braces.
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A built-in class for creating enumerated constants — named groups of related values that improve code readability.
Flask
A lightweight web framework for Python that provides essentials for building web applications without imposing structure.
Python Coroutine
A function defined with async def that can be paused and resumed, enabling concurrent execution without threads.
Python Iterator Protocol
The interface requiring __iter__() and __next__() methods, enabling objects to be used in for loops and other iteration contexts.
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