Web Development Intermediate

What is Web Vitals?

Google's metrics for measuring user experience quality, including loading speed, interactivity, and visual stability of web pages.

Core Web Vitals include: LCP (Largest Contentful Paint — loading, should be under 2.5s), INP (Interaction to Next Paint — interactivity, should be under 200ms), and CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift — visual stability, should be under 0.1).

Web Vitals are a Google ranking factor. Improve LCP with image optimization, CDNs, and preloading. Improve INP by reducing JavaScript execution time and breaking long tasks. Improve CLS by setting explicit dimensions on images/ads and avoiding dynamic content insertion above the fold.

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Server-Sent Events (SSE)

A web technology enabling servers to push real-time updates to browsers over a single HTTP connection, simpler than WebSockets.

HTML elements in the page head that provide metadata about the document for browsers, search engines, and social media platforms.

Software that sits between the request and response in a web application, performing processing like authentication or logging.

The latest HTTP version that uses QUIC instead of TCP, providing faster connections and better performance on unreliable networks.

A CSS layout model that provides efficient arrangement of items within a container, handling alignment, distribution, and spacing.

A JavaScript file that runs in the background, enabling offline support, push notifications, and background sync for web apps.

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