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Python Intermediate

What is Type Hints?

Optional annotations that indicate the expected types of variables, function parameters, and return values.

Type hints (PEP 484) add optional type information to Python code: def greet(name: str) -> str. They do not enforce types at runtime but enable static analysis tools like mypy, IDE autocompletion, and better documentation.

Common types include int, str, List[int], Dict[str, Any], Optional[str], Union[int, str], and Tuple[str, ...]. The typing module provides advanced type constructs.

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A decorator that automatically generates __init__, __repr__, __eq__, and other special methods for classes that mainly store data.
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A built-in class for creating enumerated constants โ€” named groups of related values that improve code readability.
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The Abstract Base Classes module that enables defining interfaces and abstract methods that subclasses must implement.
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A string literal placed as the first statement in a module, class, or function to document its purpose and usage.
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A directory containing Python modules and an __init__.py file, providing a way to organize and distribute reusable code.
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Structured approaches to implementing logging in Python applications using the built-in logging module for debugging and monitoring.
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